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Cosign signs OCIOCIOpen Container Initiative standard, maintained by the Linux Foundation, defining the image format and runtime spec that container tools share so images built once run anywhere OCI-compliant. containers and other artifacts using Sigstore, supporting keyless signing, hardware and KMSKMSA managed service that creates, stores, rotates and controls access to encryption keys, usually backed by HSMs. Applications ask it to encrypt or decrypt rather than holding keys themselves. signing, and bring-your-own PKIPKIA framework of policies, roles, and cryptographic standards for issuing and managing digital certificates that bind public keys to identities, letting tools verify authenticity and encrypt communications without pre-shared secrets..
cosign is an open-source command-line tool for signing and verifying OCI container images and other artifacts as part of the Sigstore project, and it costs nothing to use. It supports keyless signing against the Fulcio certificate authority and Rekor transparency log by default, alongside hardware, KMS, or bring-your-own-PKI keys, with signatures stored in an OCI registry. It's aimed at platform and application engineers building software supply-chainsoftware supply-chainThe dependencies, tools and processes used to build and deliver software. Compromising one part can affect the products or organizations that rely on it. security into CI/CD pipelines rather than at SOCSOCA security operations center, the team or function that monitors threats, investigates alerts and coordinates incident response. Its work can be internal, outsourced or shared. analysts, sitting in the container-signing and SBOMSBOMA software bill of materials, an inventory of the components and versions inside an application. It helps teams find affected software when a dependency has a vulnerability or licensing issue.-attestation space alongside the broader sigstore tooling it's built from. Recent work standardizes on the Sigstore bundle format and migrates signing to Rekor v2. With 285 contributors, 354 commits and 54 releases in the past year, and a release 15 days ago, it is actively maintained.
Cosign signs OCI containers and other artifacts using Sigstore, supporting keyless signing, hardware and KMS signing, and bring-your-own PKI.
Is this container image the same one that came out of my build pipeline, or has it been swapped along the way?
recomputes and checks the signature against the registry digest, so any repackaging or tampering after the build shows up as a failed verification
Who signed this artifact, and can I trust their identity without managing keys myself?
checks the certificate chain against the Fulcio certificate authority and the transparency log entry in Rekor, tying the signature to an OIDC identity instead of a key file someone could lose or leak
Can I prove this image was signed at a specific point in time, even after the signing certificate expires?
points to the transparency log entry recorded at signing time, giving a durable record that survives certificate expiry
Did someone sign this artifact using their own key infrastructure instead of the public keyless flow?
verifies against hardware, KMS, or bring-your-own keys the same way it verifies keyless signatures, so pipelines mixing key strategies still get one verification path
Are my SBOMs and other attestations bound to the exact artifact they describe?
signs the in-toto statement or predicate as an attestation tied to the artifact's digest, so verification fails if the SBOM is attached to the wrong image
Is my stored signature still in a format the rest of my pipeline can read after a format change?
converts older bundle files into the standardized Sigstore bundle format so existing signatures keep verifying as that format becomes the default
66 capabilities
· 2 backed by code, an API document or a real run
Built from cosign's releases, docs, README and our own runs.
“Seen” marks the month we first spotted a release the vendor didn't date.
Group names and tags are our labels.
+Sigstore bundle managementverifiedCreates, inspects, and upgrades Sigstore bundle files, including migrating legacy bundles to the standardized protobuf bundle format.21 releases · 9 other sources · first seen Mar 2021▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
21 total
Adds cosign bundle create-from-container subcommand to create a Sigstore bundle directly from a container image.︀︄︇︀︅︉︀︅︀︀︃︀︀︅︅︀︅︊︀︄︆︀︃︄
v3.1.4 · Oct 2026
· source
· release history
Adds inspect subcommand under the bundle group to display bundle metadata and payload details.
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
· release history
Adds cosign bundle inspect command to examine cosign bundle files.
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
· release history
Adds bundle upgrade subcommand to convert existing bundles to the standardized Sigstore bundle format.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Makes the standardized Sigstore bundle format the default output for signing and default input for verification.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Adds cosign bundle upgrade command to migrate existing bundles to the standardized Sigstore bundle format.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
command line
create-from-container — Create Sigstore protobuf bundles from legacy container attestations
v3.1.4 · Oct 2026
· command-line history
example
8 total
Create a Sigstore bundle from an already-signed container image for offline or air-gapped verification workflows.$ cosign bundle create-from-container $IMAGE
v3.1.4 · Oct 2026
· source
Inspect a local cosign bundle file to examine its contents and structure.$ cosign bundle inspect <bundle-file>
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
Upgrade an existing legacy cosign bundle file to the new standardized Sigstore bundle format before v4 removes deprecated flag support.$ cosign bundle upgrade --bundle artifact.bundle
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
Upgrade a legacy cosign bundle file to the standardized Sigstore bundle format before it becomes the only accepted format in v4.$ cosign bundle upgrade --bundle <path-to-existing.bundle>
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
Verify a container image signature stored in a local file using a specific digest algorithm.$ cosign verify --signature sig.sig \ --signature-digest-algorithm SHA384 \ <image-ref>
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
Verify a blob where the certificate is fetched directly from the transparency log.$ cosign verify-blob --certificate-identity https://github.com/... --certificate-oidc-issuer https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com --signature signature.sig my-blob.txt
v1.3.1 · Nov 2021
· source
+Bring-your-own PKI signingverifiedSupports OCI signing with X.509 certificate chains, enabling custom PKI workflows for container image signing and bundle verification.19 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Apr 2021▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
19 total
Supports OCI signing with an X.509 certificate chain, enabling bring-your-own PKI workflows for container image signing.
v3.1.3 · Aug 2026
· source
· release history
Supports OCI Signing with X.509 Certificate Chain
v3.1.3 · Aug 2026
· source
· release history
Adds OVHcloud KMS as an available external plugin for key management.
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
· release history
Adds support for signing with OpenBao-managed keys.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Adds --client-cert, --client-key, and --ca flags to cosign sign for mTLS authentication
v2.2.0 · Aug 2023
· source
· release history
Switches default attestation upload type from intoto to DSSE for Rekor transparency log submission
v2.2.0 · Aug 2023
· source
· release history
command line
--allow-certificate-chain — allow X.509 certificate chains in bundle verification material for v0.3+ bundles
v3.1.3 · Aug 2026
· command-line history
example
Use a KMS URL directly via the -key flag without needing a separate KMS-specific flag.$ cosign sign -key kms://<key-url> <image>
0.3.0 · Apr 2021
· source
+Artifact signingshippedSigns container images and artifacts via sigstore-go, requiring a bundle file or registry upload as the output destination.11 releases · 4 other sources · first seen Apr 2021▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
11 total
Running cosign sign now requires either bundle output or registry upload (--bundle or registry push); omitting both is no longer accepted.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Signs exclusively via sigstore-go, unifying the signing path across Sigstore SDKs.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Signing now routes exclusively through sigstore-go.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Breaking change: cosign sign now requires either bundle output or registry upload — bare signing without a destination is no longer permitted.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Adds bundle flag to cosign sign command
v2.6.3 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Supports key creation scoped to a GitLab group.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
docs
Signs and verifies OCI container images and other artifacts using Sigstore's keyless and key-based signing methods.
example
Sign a container image and upload the signature bundle automatically.$ cosign sign --bundle=true <image>
v2.6.3 · Apr 2026
· source
Sign all components of a multi-arch image in one command.$ cosign sign -r gcr.io/project/image:v1
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
Sign a container image and save the signature payload to a specific file.$ cosign sign -output-file sig.json <image>
0.3.0 · Apr 2021
· source
+TUF root metadata initializationshippedInitializes the local Sigstore Trusted Unified Framework (TUF) root metadata store.4 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Aug 2021▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds a staging flag to initialize for bootstrapping with staging TUF metadata.
v3.0.3 · Dec 2025
· source
· release history
Skips TUF content loading when a trusted root path is explicitly specified.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
cosign initialize --mirror enables fetching the TUF root of trust over HTTP for offline or restricted environments.
v1.4.1 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
Adds cosign init command to setup the local TUF root metadata repository
v1.1.0 · Aug 2021
· source
· release history
example
Download the TUF root from a custom HTTP mirror to configure cosign for use in an air-gapped environment.$ cosign initialize --mirror https://tuf-mirror.example.com/root.json
v1.4.1 · Dec 2021
· source
Initialize the local Sigstore TUF root metadata store$ cosign init
v1.1.0 · Aug 2021
· source
+Deprecated flag lifecycle managementshippedMarks v3.x flags across signing, bundle, and config commands as deprecated ahead of their removal in Cosign v4.3 releases · 1 other source · first seen Mar 2022▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Deprecates certificate, signing-config, bundle, OCI referrer, and other v3.x flags slated for removal in Cosign v4.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Adds support for the GCE metadata server environment variable.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Adds --timeout flag to the sign command
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
· release history
example
Set a timeout for the signing operation to prevent hangs$ cosign sign --timeout 30s <image>
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
+New bundle format supportshippedSupports the standardized protobuf bundle format for creating, verifying, and managing Sigstore bundles with OCI artifact storage.3 releases · 1 other source · first seen Apr 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
--bundle is now a required CLI flag (previously optional) to specify the output file for the Sigstore bundle containing verification material.
3.0.2 · Oct 2025
· source
· release history
Uploads signatures and verification material as OCI Image 1.1 referring artifacts via --new-bundle-format=true on cosign sign and cosign verify.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
Supports the new bundle specification for attesting and verifying OCI image attestations uploaded as OCI artifacts, gated behind --new-bundle-format on cosign attest.
v2.5.0 · Apr 2025
· source
· release history
example
Attest an OCI image using the new bundle format to produce an OCI artifact-based attestation instead of the legacy format.$ cosign attest --new-bundle-format --predicate predicate.json --type slsaprovenance <image>
v2.5.0 · Apr 2025
· source
+Keyless signing supportshippedEnables signing artifacts using keyless workflows backed by Sigstore infrastructure.2 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Dec 2021▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Updates release binaries to include keyless workflow support
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
cosign releases now generate signatures in keyless experimental mode that do not validate in older versions of cosign; use --fulcio-url=https://fulcio.sigstore.dev to opt out
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
docs
Signs and verifies OCI container images and other artifacts using Sigstore's keyless and key-based signing methods.
example
Sign a container image using mutual TLS to authenticate with the keyless server.$ cosign sign --key cosign.pub \ --cert /path/to/client.crt \ --client-key /path/to/client.key \ --ca /path/to/ca.crt \ gcr.io/my-project/my-image:latest
v2.2.0 · Aug 2023
· source
+OCI bundle format supportshippedAdds support for Sigstore specification-compliant protobuf bundle formats in signing and verification commands.2 releases · first seen Aug 2024▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds Sigstore specification-compliant bundle format support to verify-blob and verify-blob-attestation.
v2.4.0 · Aug 2024
· source
· release history
Adds protobuf bundle format support to sign-blob and attest-blob.
v2.4.0 · Aug 2024
· source
· release history
+Self-managed key support in sigstore-go backendshippedEnables the use of self-managed keys when signing with the sigstore-go backend.1 release · first seen Dec 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
release
Enables sign-blob to sign with a certificate in addition to key-based signing.
v3.0.3 · Dec 2025
· source
· release history
+Bundle output file requirement enforcementshippedMakes the --bundle flag required for commands that output Sigstore bundles, ensuring consistent bundle creation behavior.1 release · first seen Oct 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
The --bundle flag has moved from optional to required; commands that previously omitted it will fail to produce a bundle or error out.
3.0.2 · Oct 2025
· source
· release history
+Attestation blob signing with custom statementsshippedEnables signing complete in-toto statements directly via the attest-blob command without requiring cosign to construct a predicate.1 release · first seen Sep 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Supports signing a complete in-toto statement directly via attest-blob --statement instead of requiring cosign to construct one from a predicate.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
+Signing config for Rekor v2 service URLsshippedSupports providing service URLs via a SigningConfig to target Rekor v2 instances for blob and image signing.1 other source · first seen Sep 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
example
Sign and verify a blob using service URLs from the public-good TUF SigningConfig, required when targeting a Rekor v2 instance.$ cosign sign-blob --use-signing-config --bundle sigstore.json README.md cosign verify-blob --new-bundle-format --bundle sigstore.json --certificate-identity $EMAIL --certificate-oidc-issuer $ISSUER…
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
+Signing config generation subcommandshippedProvides a new subcommand for generating signing configurations to bootstrap Sigstore deployments.1 release · first seen Jul 2025▸
Shared capability: Artifact signing
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
New signing-config create subcommand for generating signing configurations.
v2.5.3 · Jul 2025
· source
· release history
+Other / not yet classified53 featuresFeatures we have not matched to a capability yet. A suggested match is marked.▸
+Manifest verificationshippedVerifies the signatures of Kubernetes manifests within the CLI.12 releases · 7 other sources · first seen Aug 2021▸
previously: Kubernetes manifest verification
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
12 total
Using --key and cert identity flags together during verification is now disallowed.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Disallows using --key and cert identity together during verification, enforcing cleaner verification flows.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Supports --local-image combined with --new-bundle-format for v2 and v3 signatures.
v3.0.5 · Feb 2026
· source
· release history
Includes SCT verification failure details in error messages.
v2.4.0 · Aug 2024
· source
· release history
Extends keyless verification support across all cosign verify subcommands, not just verify.
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
· release history
Adds --ca-roots and --ca-intermediates flags to cosign verify for custom CA chain verification.
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
· release history
example
7 total
Sign a local OCI image tarball and produce a v2/v3 bundle format — now supported together with --local-image.$ cosign sign --local-image --new-bundle-format <path/to/image.tar>
v3.0.5 · Feb 2026
· source
Verify a container image against an on-prem or private CA instead of the public Sigstore root.$ cosign verify --ca-roots ./corp-root-ca.pem --ca-intermediates ./corp-intermediate-ca.pem --certificate-identity user@example.com --certificate-oidc-issuer https://accounts.example.com…
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
Create an attestation using the new OpenVEX format.$ cosign attest --predicate <predicate_file> --type openvex <image>
v2.2.3 · Jan 2024
· source
Limit verification parallelism to avoid resource exhaustion on large images.$ cosign verify --max-workers 4 <image>
v2.1.0 · Jun 2023
· source
Verify the attestations of a container image loaded from a local tar archive without pushing it to a registry.$ cosign verify-attestation --local-image ./my-image.tar
v1.4.1 · Dec 2021
· source
Verify a Kubernetes manifest signed with cosign$ cosign verify-manifest --key <KEY> image:tag
v1.1.0 · Aug 2021
· source
+Transparency log upload configurationshippedCreates and customizes signing configurations, including targeting Rekor v2 transparency log endpoints and overriding services from a base config.13 releases · 4 other sources · first seen May 2021▸
previously: Signing config management
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
13 total
Adds --base-config flag to the signing configuration to override services from a base config file.
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
· release history
Adds --base-config flag to the signing-config command to override services from a base config.
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
· release history
Adds Rekor v2 flag to cosign signing-config create for configuring Rekor v2 in signing configs.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Adds Rekor v2 flag to cosign signing-config create, enabling configuration of Rekor v2 transparency log endpoints.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Supports providing roots of trust and service URLs via a single --trusted-root or --signing-config file.
v3.0.1 · Oct 2025
· source
· release history
CLI flags can be set via environment variables (e.g., COSIGN_CERTIFICATE_IDENTITY)
2.0.0 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
example
Override specific services from a base signing config when configuring cosign for a custom environment.$ cosign signing-config --base-config <base-config-file>
v3.1.2 · Jul 2026
· source
Create a signing config that targets a Rekor v2 transparency log instance for environments running the updated Rekor stack.$ cosign signing-config create --rekor-v2 --out signing-config.json
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
Sign a blob using a hardware token via PKCS11.$ cosign sign-blob --key pkcs11://token=path=/tmp/token.pem id=1234 my-blob.txt
v1.3.1 · Nov 2021
· source
Upload a signature to Rekor with a custom timeout to avoid hangs on slow networks.$ cosign upload signed-image --timeout 120s
v1.3.1 · Nov 2021
· source
+Blob attestation creation and verificationshippedProvides subcommands to create attestations for arbitrary binary blobs and verify them, including support for outputting results to files.4 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Jan 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds the --output-attestation flag to attest-blob to direct output to a file instead of stdout
v1.13.1 · Oct 2022
· source
· release history
Adds the attest-blob CLI subcommand to create attestations for arbitrary blobs
v1.13.1 · Oct 2022
· source
· release history
Adds the verify-blob-attestation CLI subcommand to verify in-toto attestation statements for blobs
v1.13.1 · Oct 2022
· source
· release history
Adds --dsse flag to verify-blob command to support DSSE payloads
v1.5.1 · Jan 2022
· source
· release history
example
Attest a payload and include the verification bundle in the output.$ cosign attest --bundle=true <payload>
v2.6.3 · Apr 2026
· source
Attest a binary blob and save the result directly to a file.$ cosign attest-blob <blob_path> --output-attestation attestation.json
v1.13.1 · Oct 2022
· source
+Time Stamping Authority (TSA) supportshippedProvides capability to include RFC3161 timestamps in artifacts during signing or attestation operations.6 releases · first seen Feb 2023▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Using --new-bundle-format and --rfc3161-timestamp together is now disallowed and will cause an error.
v3.0.6 · Apr 2026
· source
· release history
Automatically requires a signed timestamp when working with Rekor v2 entries, strengthening timestamp integrity guarantees.
v3.0.5 · Feb 2026
· source
· release history
Enforces TSA requirement for Rekor v2 and Fulcio signing workflows.
v3.0.5 · Feb 2026
· source
· release history
Adds TSA certificate chain validation via environment variable or TUF targets for timestamp authority checks.
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
· release history
Adds TSA (Time Stamping Authority) response support in the attach command via a new mechanism.
v2.1.0 · Jun 2023
· source
· release history
Experimental trusted timestamping via --timestamp-server-url for container signing
2.0.0 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
+TUF timestamp bundle generationshippedGenerates a TUF timestamp bundle associated with the signature or attestation output during signing operations.4 releases · 1 other source · first seen Jan 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds support for recording creation timestamp in cosign attest.
v2.4.0 · Aug 2024
· source
· release history
Blob attestation supported with new cosign attest-blob command
2.0.0 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
Bundles a TUF timestamp with the signature output when signing (via --bundle on sign-blob or implied in image attestation).
v1.5.0 · Jan 2022
· source
· release history
Adds the --bundle flag to cosign sign-blob and cosign verify-blob commands for explicit bundle handling.
v1.5.0 · Jan 2022
· source
· release history
example
Sign a blob and immediately generate a signed TUF timestamp bundle in the same command.$ cosign sign-blob --bundle sig.txt <file>
v1.5.0 · Jan 2022
· source
+DSSE attestation signingshippedSigns DSSE attestations and logs them as hashed entries using PAE encoding in Rekor v2, supporting large payloads such as SBOMs.4 releases · first seen Dec 2023▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Updates DSSE attestation signing to log as hashed entries using PAE encoding in Rekor v2, unblocking upload of large signed DSSEs such as SBOMs.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Updates signing path to log to Rekor v2, with DSSE attestations logged as hashed entries using PAE encoding — unblocking large signed DSSEs like SBOMs.
v3.1.1 · Jun 2026
· source
· release history
Supports multiple container identities during verification.
v3.0.3 · Dec 2025
· source
· release history
Adds --private-infrastructure alias for --insecure-skip-log
v2.2.2 · Dec 2023
· source
· release history
+Trusted root creation service configurationshippedAdds flags to the trusted-root create command for specifying base URLs, URIs, multiple services, and validity periods.4 releases · first seen Jun 2025▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Supports default services when creating trusted-root and signing-config, reducing manual configuration.
v3.0.4 · Jan 2026
· source
· release history
Adds --validity-period-end (validity period end) option to trusted-root create for controlling certificate validity windows.
v2.5.3 · Jul 2025
· source
· release history
Allows multiple services to be specified when running trusted-root create.
v2.5.3 · Jul 2025
· source
· release history
Adds --base-url and --uri flags to the trusted-root create command.
v2.5.1 · Jun 2025
· source
· release history
+Keyless identity support via SPIFFE/SpireshippedEnables keyless signing identities by detecting ambient credentials using SPIFFE/Spire, with configurable socket and OIDC provider options.3 releases · 1 other source · first seen Jan 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
New cosign debug providers command to inspect configured OIDC/signing providers.
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
· release history
Allows overriding the Spiffe socket via an environmental variable
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
· release history
Enables ambient credential detection using SPIFFE/Spire for keyless signing identities.
v1.5.0 · Jan 2022
· source
· release history
example
Inspect which OIDC/signing providers cosign has detected in the current environment before signing.$ cosign debug providers
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
+Certificate chain validation in signingshippedEnables specifying intermediate certificate chains during the signing process to validate trust paths.2 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Apr 2022▸
release
Enables keyless verification using only a provided certificate chain with non-Fulcio roots.
v2.1.0 · Jun 2023
· source
· release history
Adds --certificate and --certificate-chain flags to sign for intermediate certificate validation
v1.7.1 · Apr 2022
· source
· release history
example
Verify images using a specific certificate chain instead of default Fulcio roots.$ cosign verify --certificate-chain <path/to/cert> <image>
v2.1.0 · Jun 2023
· source
Sign an image with a specific intermediate certificate chain for trust validation$ cosign sign --key cosign.key --certificate cert.pem --certificate-chain chain.pem <image-ref>
v1.7.1 · Apr 2022
· source
+OCI credential autodetectionshippedAutomatically detects and uses ambient OIDC tokens in GCP environments without workload identity.2 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Sep 2021▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds --k8s-keychain option to enable ambient registry credentials via the k8schain library
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
· release history
Support GCP environments without workload identity (GCB) by detecting and using ambient OIDC tokens automatically.
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
· release history
example
Authenticate to a container registry using Kubernetes service account credentials when running inside a cluster, avoiding manual docker login or secret mounts.$ cosign attach sbom --sbom ./syft.json --image myregistry.io/myapp:v1 --k8s-keychain
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
Verify image against a public key$ cosign verify --key cosign.pub $IMAGE_URI:1h
+Public key digest auto-detectionshippedAutomatically detects the default digest algorithm for public keys, removing the need for manual specification.3 releases · first seen Feb 2023▸
release
Auto-detects default digest algorithm for public keys
v3.1.3 · Aug 2026
· source
· release history
Auto-detects the default digest algorithm for public keys, removing the need to manually specify it.
v3.1.3 · Aug 2026
· source
· release history
SIGSTORE_TRUST_REKOR_API_PUBLIC_KEY env var removed; use SIGSTORE_REKOR_PUBLIC_KEY or TUF
2.0.0 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
+Mutual TLS authentication supportshippedEnables signing and verification using client certificates for mutual TLS authentication with keyless servers.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Aug 2023▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds mTLS support for TSA (Timestamp Authority) client connections when signing with a signing config.
v3.0.5 · Feb 2026
· source
· release history
Adds --client-cert, --client-key, and --ca flags to cosign sign for mTLS authentication
v2.2.0 · Aug 2023
· source
· release history
example
Sign a container image using mutual TLS to authenticate with the keyless server.$ cosign sign --key cosign.pub \ --cert /path/to/client.crt \ --client-key /path/to/client.key \ --ca /path/to/ca.crt \ gcr.io/my-project/my-image:latest
v2.2.0 · Aug 2023
· source
+Image dependency graph displayshippedDisplays the dependency graph of images referenced within a signed container image using the tree command.3 releases · first seen Apr 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Improves cosign tree performance via digest caching for faster artifact tree resolution.
v3.0.4 · Jan 2026
· source
· release history
Adds experimental OCI 1.1+ support to the tree subcommand for inspecting OCI 1.1 referrer graphs.
v2.5.3 · Jul 2025
· source
· release history
Adds cosign tree command to display the image dependency graph
v1.7.1 · Apr 2022
· source
· release history
+Offline verification configurationshippedForces offline verification mode and enforces SCT verification by default, removing reliance on online connectivity for validity checks.3 releases · first seen Dec 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface, Offline mode
release
Enables offline verification with a key without requiring a trusted root file.
v3.0.4 · Jan 2026
· source
· release history
--offline flag forces offline verification mode
2.0.0-rc.0 · Dec 2022
· source
· release history
SCT verification behavior defaults to enforcement rather than skipping validation
2.0.0-rc.0 · Dec 2022
· source
· release history
+Image and signature managementshippedMoves images and their associated signatures between registries or removes them from an image.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Jun 2021▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds registry options (e.g. auth, TLS settings) to cosign save command.
v2.3.0 · Jul 2024
· source
· release history
Added cosign copy to easily move images and signatures between repositories
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
· release history
example
Copy an image and its signatures from one registry to another.$ cosign copy source:image:v1 dest:registry.io/image:v1
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
+Interactive Fulcio loginshippedProvides an interactive subcommand for logging in to the Fulcio service to obtain signing certificates.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Mar 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds --fulcio-client-credentials-flow flag to enable the Fulcio client credentials authentication flow
v2.2.4 · Apr 2024
· source
· release history
Adds login subcommand for interactive Fulcio login
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
· release history
example
Authenticate against Fulcio using a service account or OIDC provider via client credentials instead of interactive browser login.$ cosign sign --fulcio-client-credentials-flow --key <key_path> --set-oidc-issuer <issuer> --set-client-id <client_id> <image>
v2.2.4 · Apr 2024
· source
+OpenVEX attestation supportshippedAllows creating and handling attestations using the OpenVEX predicate format with upload support to transparency logs.1 release · 2 other sources · first seen Jan 2024▸
Create an attestation using the new OpenVEX format.$ cosign attest --predicate <predicate_file> --type openvex <image>
v2.2.3 · Jan 2024
· source
Upload an attestation to Rekor during creation.$ cosign attest --upload-rekor=true <flags> <image>
v2.2.3 · Jan 2024
· source
+Artifact copy across registriesshippedCopies artifacts between registries, extending support to additional media types beyond standard images.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Mar 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds --platform flag to cosign copy for multi-arch image targeting
v2.2.1 · Nov 2023
· source
· release history
Extends copy command to support other types beyond images
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
· release history
example
Copy artifacts between registries supporting additional media types$ cosign copy <source> <dest>
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
+CLI shell auto-completionshippedProvides automatic command completion support via Cobra CLI migration.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Nov 2021▸
Adds shell auto-completion support via Cobra CLI migration
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
· release history
example
Rebuild and enable faster, more accurate autocompletion for the fig shell completion system.$ cosign fig autocomplete
v1.11.1 · Aug 2022
· source
+Local signature verification with custom algorithmsshippedVerifies signatures from local files or remote URLs using specified hash algorithms.2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Dec 2021▸
release
Adds --signature-digest-algorithm flag to cosign verify to specify signature hash algorithms other than SHA256
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
Adds --signature and --cert flags to cosign verify to accept signatures and certificates from local files or remote URLs
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
example
Verify a container image signature stored in a local file using a specific digest algorithm.$ cosign verify --signature sig.sig \ --signature-digest-algorithm SHA384 \ <image-ref>
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
+SBOM attachment and retrievalshippedAttaches SBOMs to signed container images or downloads them for verification.1 release · 2 other sources · first seen Jul 2021▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds support for syft format SBOMs in cosign attach sbom
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
example
Attach an SBOM to a signed container image$ cosign attach sbom --sbom cyclonedx.json cosigned-image:latest
0.6.0 · Jul 2021
· source
Download an SBOM from a container image that has one attached$ cosign download sbom cosigned-image:latest -o output.json
0.6.0 · Jul 2021
· source
+Artifact attachment managementshippedSigns and verifies arbitrary artifacts like SBOMs as attachments to image signatures.1 release · 2 other sources · first seen Sep 2021▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Add sign-attachment and verify-attachment subcommands for signing and verifying artifacts like SBOMs and attestations.
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
· release history
example
Verify an SBOM attachment that was signed as part of the image's transparency log entry.$ cosign verify-attachment --key <public-key> sbom spdx gcr.io/my-project/image:tag
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
Sign an SBOM or other artifact as an attachment to the image signature.$ cosign sign-attachment --key <key> sbom spdx gcr.io/my-project/image:tag sbom.json
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
+Identity-enforced signingshippedSigns artifacts while enforcing that the identity certificate contains a specific email address.1 release · 2 other sources · first seen Sep 2021▸
release
Add -cert-email flag to cosign sign to require an email match in the fulcio certificate.
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
· release history
example
Sign a container image while enforcing that the identity certificate contains a specific email address.$ cosign sign --key <key> -cert-email user@example.com gcr.io/my-project/image:tag
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
Verify image with certificate identity$ cosign verify $IMAGE --certificate-identity=$IDENTITY --certificate-oidc-issuer=$OIDC_ISSUER
+Rekor v2 deployment supportshippedAdds Rekor v2 support to the trusted-root create command and enables use of signing configs for Rekor v2 instances.2 releases · first seen Jun 2025▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds --use-signing-config flag to sign-blob, attest-blob, sign, and attest for providing service URLs via a SigningConfig, enabling use with Rekor v2 instances.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
Adds Rekor v2 support to the trusted-root create command.
v2.5.1 · Jun 2025
· source
· release history
+Buildkite OIDC token provider integrationshippedSupports authentication and identity verification using Buildkite's OIDC token provider.2 releases · first seen Apr 2023▸
Also counts toward: CI/CD pipeline integration
release
Adds TSA (Timestamp Authority) certificate-related flags and fields to cosign attest.
v2.5.0 · Apr 2025
· source
· release history
+Image layer selective copyingshippedSelectively copies specific layers such as signatures, attestations, or SBOMs between images.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Nov 2023▸
release
Adds --only flag to cosign copy to selectively copy sign, attestation, and SBOM layers
v2.2.1 · Nov 2023
· source
· release history
example
Copy only the signature and attestation layers from one image to another, skipping SBOM$ cosign copy --only sign,att <source_image> <dest_image>
v2.2.1 · Nov 2023
· source
+Self-managed Fulcio key supportshippedAllows users to issue their own Fulcio signing certificates using a self-managed key pair.2 releases · first seen Feb 2023▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Fulcio certificate issuance now supports self-managed keys (--issue-certificate=true with --key or --sk)
2.0.0 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
Added support for fetching Fulcio certificates using a self-managed key
2.0.0-rc.2 · Feb 2023
· source
· release history
+SBOM streaming and pipeline integrationshippedAllows signing container images with SBOMs streamed directly from stdin without writing to disk, supporting pipeline workflows.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Oct 2022▸
Also counts toward: CI/CD pipeline integration, Command-line interface
release
predicate command now accepts standard input (-) as the input source, enabling pipelines like cat sbom.json | cosign sign --predicate - ...
v1.13.0 · Oct 2022
· source
· release history
example
Sign a container image using an SBOM streamed directly from a previous step without writing to disk.$ cat sbom.json | cosign sign --predicate - quay.io/example/image:latest
v1.13.0 · Oct 2022
· source
+Multi-attestation payload supportshippedAllows attaching multiple attestation payloads to an image in a single command invocation.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Aug 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Enables passing multiple payloads to cosign attach attestation instead of a single payload
v1.10.1 · Aug 2022
· source
· release history
example
Attach multiple attestation payloads to an image in a single command invocation.$ cosign attach attestation --attestation=payload1.json --attestation=payload2.json IMAGE
v1.10.1 · Aug 2022
· source
+Attestation replacementshippedOverwrites existing attestations on container images.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Dec 2021▸
release
Adds --replace option to cosign attest to overwrite existing attestations
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
example
Create and sign an in-toto attestation$ cosign attest --predicate <file> --key cosign.key $IMAGE_URI_DIGEST
+Local image and signature storageshippedPersists container images and signatures to local disk for air-gapped or archival use cases.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Dec 2021▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds cosign save and cosign load commands to store container images and signatures on disk
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
· release history
example
Persist local copies of a container image and its signature for air-gapped environments or archival.$ cosign save --output-dir ./saved-image <image-ref> cosign load --input-dir ./saved-image
v1.4.0 · Dec 2021
· source
+Kubernetes secret key generationshippedGenerates a cryptographic key pair and stores it directly as a Kubernetes Secret.2 other sources · first seen Jun 2021▸
example
Disable TLS verification when interacting with a self-signed local registry during development or testing.$ cosign upload blob --image myregistry.local/app.tar.gz --allow-insecure-registry
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
Generate a key pair and store it directly as a Kubernetes Secret.$ cosign generate-key-pair -k8s
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
+Secure image retrievalshippedDownloads container images or blobs from registries without pulling full manifests, supporting local file input.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Nov 2021▸
Also counts toward: CI/CD pipeline integration, Command-line interface
release
Adds sget as a standalone CLI tool in releases for secure container image grabbing
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
· release history
example
Securely download a container image without pulling the full manifest first, useful for CI/CD pipelines where you only need the binary blob.$ sget cosign testimg
v1.3.0 · Nov 2021
· source
+Blob signature verification via URLshippedVerifies blob signatures by fetching them directly from remote URLs without prior downloading.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Sep 2021▸
release
Allow verify-blob to fetch signatures directly from URLs with a new source argument.
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
· release history
example
Verify a blob signature fetched directly from a remote URL without downloading it first.$ cosign verify-blob --key <public-key> https://example.com/signature.txt
v1.2.0 · Sep 2021
· source
+Custom signature certificate injectionshippedAllows explicitly adding a custom certificate to a signature during the signing process.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Jul 2021▸
release
Added -cert flag to sign to allow the explicit addition of a signature certificate
v1.0.0 · Jul 2021
· source
· release history
example
Add a signature certificate explicitly when signing a blob.$ cosign sign -key cosign.key -cert cert.pem blob.txt
v1.0.0 · Jul 2021
· source
+Image and signature cleanupshippedDeletes signatures associated with an image.1 release · 1 other source · first seen Jun 2021▸
release
Added cosign clean to delete signatures for an image
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
· release history
example
Remove all signatures associated with a specific image.$ cosign clean gcr.io/project/image:v1
0.5.0 · Jun 2021
· source
+Shell completionshippedProvides shell completion support for command options, including argument completion for the --slot option.1 release · first seen Oct 2026▸
release
Adds shell completion for the --slot option argument.
v3.1.4 · Oct 2026
· source
· release history
+Signing algorithm specificationshippedAllows callers to explicitly specify the signing algorithm when signing artifacts via a new CLI flag.1 release · first seen Dec 2025▸
release
New --signing-algorithm flag lets callers specify the signing algorithm when signing artifacts.
v3.0.3 · Dec 2025
· source
· release history
+Blob attestation digest verificationshippedAdds support for verifying blob attestations using digests and hash algorithms instead of file references.1 release · first seen Sep 2025▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds verify-blob-attestation support for verifying a statement's subject using --digest and --digestAlg instead of a file reference.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
+Key-based verification timestamp optionalityshippedRemoves the requirement for timestamps when verifying signatures with a key, making --use-signed-timestamps optional.1 release · first seen Sep 2025▸
release
No longer requires timestamps when verifying with a key (--use-signed-timestamps is optional in key-based verification).
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
+OCI 1.1 signature artifact storageshippedSupports storing signatures and verification material as OCI Image 1.1 referring artifacts for registries that support it.1 other source · first seen Sep 2025▸
example
Sign and verify a container image, storing the bundle as an OCI 1.1 referring artifact for registries that support it.$ cosign sign --new-bundle-format=true ghcr.io/user/alpine@sha256:a19367999603840546b8612572e338ec076c6d1f2fec61760a9e11410f546733 cosign verify --new-bundle-format=true…
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
+Signer key generation refactoringshippedRefactors the keyless signer interface to decouple key generation from signer instantiation, requiring explicit client calls for key generation.1 release · first seen Sep 2025▸
release
sign.SignerFromKeyOpts no longer generates a key; it now returns whether the client needs to generate a key, and callers must invoke sign.KeylessSigner themselves if so.
v2.6.0 · Sep 2025
· source
· release history
+TUF v2 client upgradeshippedUpgrades to the TUF v2 client for managing trusted root metadata.1 release · first seen Jun 2025▸
release
Upgrades to TUF v2 client with trusted root.
v2.5.1 · Jun 2025
· source
· release history
+Blob signature verification without remote GETshippedEnables fetching signatures for verification without making a remote GET request, supporting restricted or offline workflows.1 release · first seen Feb 2025▸
Also counts toward: Offline mode
release
Enables fetching signatures without a remote GET request, supporting restricted or offline verification workflows.
v2.4.3 · Feb 2025
· source
· release history
+Image digest triangulationshippedRetrieves image digests using a dedicated triangulation command.1 release · first seen Nov 2023▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Provides image digest retrieval via the triangulate subcommand
v2.2.1 · Nov 2023
· source
· release history
+Environment variable-based token providershippedAllows configuring ambient credential providers via environment variables for identity enforcement.1 release · first seen Apr 2023▸
+RFC3161 TSA time-stamping supportshippedEnables attestation and blob signing/verification using an RFC3161 time-stamping server for timestamp validation.1 release · first seen Dec 2022▸
release
Supports attestation and blob signing/verification using an RFC3161 time-stamping server (TSA)
2.0.0-rc.0 · Dec 2022
· source
· release history
+Private attestation upload skippingshippedSupports skipping the upload of attestations to the public transparency log for private deployments.1 release · first seen Aug 2022▸
Also counts toward: Command-line interface
release
Adds --skip-upload flag to cosign attach attestation to allow skipping upload to the transparency log
v1.10.1 · Aug 2022
· source
· release history
+Key passing via environment variable referencesshippedEnables passing cryptographic keys into the tool using `env://` references.1 release · first seen Apr 2022▸
release
Enables passing keys via environment variables using env:// refs.
v1.8.0 · Apr 2022
· source
· release history
+Keychain override configurationshippedAllows overriding the registry keychain used by signing and verification commands via environment variables.1 release · first seen Apr 2022▸
release
Enables overriding the registry keychain used by signing and verification commands
v1.7.1 · Apr 2022
· source
· release history
+Transparency log status reportingshippedOutputs the status of TUF root metadata during initialization or signing operations.1 release · first seen Mar 2022▸
release
Outputs TUF root status with the TUF: Add root status output feature
v1.6.0 · Mar 2022
· source
· release history
+PKCS#8 keychain importshippedSupports importing PKCS#8 private keys into the local keychain using standard key import workflows.1 release · first seen Jan 2022▸
release
Supports importing PKCS#8 private keys into the keychain via existing key import workflows.
v1.5.0 · Jan 2022
· source
· release history
+Dockerfile signature verificationshippedVerifies the integrity of a Dockerfile against its associated image signatures locally.1 other source · first seen Jul 2021▸
example
Verify a Dockerfile against its image signatures locally$ cosign verify-dockerfile --key cosign.pub Dockerfile
0.6.0 · Jul 2021
· source
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Score card
Shipping velocityreleases a month, last 12 months
Documentation qualityrelease-notes rubric, 0–100
Breaking-change disciplinehow rarely a release breaks users, and notice given
Maintenance riskquiet time against its own cadence, maintainers
Innovation & surfacenew capabilities, API and MCP surface
Community health
Contributor trenddistinct committers, this year against last
Maintainer concentrationbus factor now against a year ago
Issue backlog trendissues closed per issue opened, 12 months
Responsivenessmedian time to a maintainer’s first reply
Nine scores for cosign, each built from the releases, notes and API history this site tracks — and, on Researcher and Business, where it stands among every measured tool in its category and how that has moved.
Each score is 0–100 on a published rubric, derived from data this site already shows.
A dimension we cannot measure says so — it is never scored 0 and never enters a rank.
How this is scored
Shipping velocity — releases a month over the last 12 months, on a log scale where 16 a month scores 100. Needs 3 releases in the window.
Documentation quality — the release-notes rubric published on the analytics page, unchanged.
Breaking-change discipline — the share of releases carrying a breaking change (none scores 100, half or more scores 0). Only projects that label breaking changes are measured: a clean record cannot be told from an unlabelled one.
Maintenance risk — quiet time measured against the tool's own release cadence (quiet longer than 90 days and three typical gaps scores 0), plus the number of active maintainers and whether contributors are growing, where known. Higher is lower risk.
Innovation & surface — new capabilities in the feature ledger this year, API and MCP operations added, and the share of commits that are features: the mean of whichever we hold.
Community health (open-source tools only) — each is a direction, not a size: contributors this year against last, the bus factor now against a year ago, and issues closed per issue opened, where steady scores 50, doubled 100 and halved 0; plus the median time to a maintainer's first reply (an hour scores about 100, a month or more 0). A commercial card has no repository and carries none of the four.
Documented delivery (commercial tools) — when a vendor's documented new capabilities have slowed against its own baseline, that counts against the overall standing as heavily as two low dimensions. Steady delivery, or too little history to judge, leaves the standing alone; it is never a sixth score.
Open-source tools are scored on repository signals; commercial tools on their published changelog. Ranks compare tools within one category and one profile and need at least five measured peers; the overall standing needs three ranked dimensions. Best-in-breed or consolidator is a shape, not a quality, and is never scored.
Release-note detail over time
See how much detail cosign puts in its release notes, quarter by quarter, and compare it with tracked tools in the same category. This history uses up to ten retained, reviewed notes per tool; sparse or blank older quarters may reflect that limit.
Sigstore's home page and 6 more pages as they looked each month from November 2021 to October 2026: 21 renders, 2 changes of tagline or palette. Step through them, play them, or put any two months side by side.
Website history is included with Researcher and Business.
← → or h l a month · Shift a year · [ ] previous / next change · Space play · 1 2 3 page · T whole page · C compare · F full size
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Rebranding timeline
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Project health
Issue, contributor and maintainer activity in sigstore/cosign, 2023-10 – 2026-09,
as of 2026-09-25. Twelve-month figures first; the trend lines run
the whole window.
Contributors64+35 vs prior 12 months
Maintainers7+4 joined · −3 left, last 12 months
Bus factor3committers behind half the commits
Community-filed94%of issues opened, last 12 months
Median time to close3 yearsfirst maintainer reply 4.8 days
Open backlog117of 1,209 issues ever filed
Issues opened / month4 · 0communitymaintainers
Open backlog117
Contributors / month13
Commits / month25
Stars6,315
Issue themes, last 12 months
bugs 48%
features 27%
questions 13%
other 12%
Counts from the project's public repository and git history; no individuals
are identified. Maintainers are the committers covering 80% of the last year's
commits. how we measure this
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