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Beelzebub

v3.10.0 open-source

Beelzebub is an open-source deception framework that deploys realistic decoys to observe attacker behavior and capture interactions as security evidence.

Summary

Beelzebub is an open-source deception runtime, free to use, that deploys decoy SSH, HTTP, TCPTCPA network protocol that delivers a reliable, ordered stream of bytes between two endpoints. It detects lost data and retransmits it., TELNET, and MCPMCPModel Context Protocol, a standard for connecting AI applications to external tools and data sources. A compatible server exposes capabilities an assistant can use through a common interface. services to engage attackers with LLMLLMA large language model, a neural network trained on large amounts of text to recognize patterns and generate language. Applications use it for tasks such as answering, summarizing and writing code.-generated responses rather than static banners. It runs as a self-hosted service, deployed via Go binary, Docker, or Helm on Kubernetes, and configured through YAML with a plugin system for extending honeypot behavior. It suits detection engineers and threat-intel teams building deception infrastructure rather than passive log-collecting honeypots, and it extends the model to modern territory by including an MCP honeypot that captures prompt injectionprompt injectionAn attack where text the model reads, such as a web page, file or tool result, carries instructions that override the user's. It is the main security risk for agents with tools. attempts against AI agents. The category is honeypot and deception tooling rather than a named competitor, and metrics, RabbitMQ integration, and structured logging tie it into existing SIEMSIEMSecurity information and event management, collecting logs from many systems and correlating events to find suspicious activity. Analysts use it to investigate alerts and incidents. pipelines. With 23 contributors, 93 commits in the past year, and a release 16 days ago, it is under active development.

Beelzebub is an open-source deception framework that deploys realistic decoys to observe attacker behavior and capture interactions as security evidence.

How Beelzebub helps

What is an attacker actually typing once they get past the login banner?

SSH, HTTP, TCP, and TELNET decoys pass attacker input to an LLM that generates realistic interactive responses instead of a canned prompt, and every command matched or answered is logged for review

Are AI agents on this network being targeted with prompt injection?

the MCP honeypot exposes decoy Model Context Protocol tools and scores captured interactions with an MCP Trust Score, surfacing injection attempts made against the fake tool set

Did an attacker's session survive them dropping the connection?

SSH session state is preserved after logout, so reconnections continue against the same conversation history rather than starting the deception over

Is a honeypot config safe to push before it reaches production?

configuration files can be statically checked and regular expressions are precompiled at load time, so a bad pattern or malformed definition surfaces immediately instead of failing silently once attackers connect

Can this run without sending attacker data to an external LLM provider?

the plugin configuration accepts a self-hosted model backend as an alternative to a cloud API key, letting the honeypot generate responses without an internet-facing dependency

all 18 features, with the evidence for each →

Languages

Not documented

Features

18 capabilities · 3 backed by code, an API document or a real run

Built from Beelzebub's releases, docs, README and our own runs. “Seen” marks the month we first spotted a release the vendor didn't date. Group names and tags are our labels.

Compare with peers →

  • Beelzebub covers 2 of the 11 logs and telemetry capabilities we track.

What Beelzebub offers you

  • Command-line interface4
  • Plugin system3
  • Kubernetes-native deployment2
  • Air-gapped deployment1
  • MCP server1
  • Plugin API support1
  • Self-hosted deployment1
  • REST API
All capabilities 18 capabilities
Deception service orchestration verified Starts and manages all configured LLM-powered decoy services across protocols including SSH, HTTP, TCP, TELNET, and MCP, with a configurable path to the services configuration directory. 25 releases · 9 other sources · first seen Dec 2022

Also counts toward: Command-line interface, MCP server

release 25 total

  • Adds method-aware routing to the HTTP honeypot service to reduce fingerprinting by responding differently based on the HTTP method used by scanners. v3.9.1 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds method-aware routing to reduce service fingerprinting v3.9.1 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Migrates plugin declarations from code or other formats to YAML configuration files v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds preserve raw client bytes to TCP trace events, enabling capture of unmodified data for binary protocol analysis v3.8.0 · Jun 2026 · source · release history
  • Enhances TCP honeypot strategy with interactive command matching, enabling dynamic response to attacker input over raw TCP connections. v3.6.10 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds TELNET protocol support with authentication v3.6.3 · Jan 2026 · source · release history

docs

  • Open-source deception runtime deploying LLM-powered decoy services across SSH, HTTP, TCP, TELNET, and MCP protocols to collect threat intelligence.
  • Open-source deception framework that deploys configurable honeypot decoys (SSH, HTTP, TCP, TELNET, MCP) to observe and capture attacker behavior.

command line

  • --conf-services — Path to services configuration directory v3.7.1 · Apr 2026

example

  • Deploy a TELNET honeypot listener to capture credential stuffing and brute-force attempts against legacy Telnet services. protocol: telnet v3.6.3 · Jan 2026 · source
  • Deploy an SSH honeypot that responds to any command using a locally-hosted Ollama model — no OpenAI key or internet access required. apiVersion: "v1" protocol: "ssh" address: ":2222" description: "SSH LLM Honeypot" commands: - regex: "^(.+)$" plugin: "LLMHoneypot" serverVersion: "OpenSSH" serverName: "ubuntu" passwordRegex:… v3.3.5 · Feb 2025 · source
  • Use GPT-4o as the LLM backend to generate convincing interactive SSH session responses for attacker deception and command logging. apiVersion: "v1" protocol: "ssh" address: ":2222" description: "SSH LLM Honeypot" commands: - regex: "^(.+)$" plugin: "LLMHoneypot" serverVersion: "OpenSSH" serverName: "ubuntu" passwordRegex:… v3.3.5 · Feb 2025 · source
  • Define a custom LLM prompt in your honeypot config to simulate a specific system (e.g., a vulnerable legacy SSH server) and make attacker interactions more convincing. In the honeypot service configuration, set the custom prompt field for the LLM honeypot to a scenario-specific instruction, such as: "You are a vulnerable Linux SSH server running OpenSSH 6.6. v3.3.0 · Jan 2025 · source
  • Run a honeypot service backed by a local Llama3 model via Ollama instead of a cloud LLM, keeping attacker interaction data fully on-premises. Configure your service YAML to set the LLM provider to Ollama with the llama3 model, point the endpoint at your local Ollama instance (e.g. http://localhost:11434), then start Beelzebub as normal. v3.2.2 · Jul 2024 · source
  • Start all configured deception services beelzebub run [flags]
Plugin management verified Install, update, and remove plugins from Git sources via CLI commands, with support for pinning to a specific tag, branch, or commit and authenticating against private repositories. 2 releases · 8 other sources · first seen Mar 2024

Also counts toward: Command-line interface, Plugin system

release

  • Migrates plugin declarations to YAML config, enabling declarative plugin management via configuration files. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • feat: Beelzebub cloud tracer plugin v3.1.8 · Mar 2024 · source · release history

command line

  • --ref — Git tag, branch, or commit to install (defaults to the repo default branch) v3.9.0 · Aug 2026
  • install — Install plugins (rebuild to compile them in) v3.9.0 · Aug 2026
  • --token — Git token for private HTTPS repos (or set BEELZEBUB_GITHUB_TOKEN) v3.9.0 · Aug 2026
  • update — Re-fetch installed plugins at their declared ref and re-pin (rebuild to apply) v3.9.0 · Aug 2026
  • remove — Remove an installed plugin v3.9.0 · Aug 2026

example

  • Install an external plugin from GitHub beelzebub plugin install github.com/your-org/beelzebub-myplugin
  • Remove an installed plugin beelzebub plugin remove myplugin
  • List installed plugins beelzebub plugin list
Honeypot configuration validation shipped Validates honeypot configurations against a shared JSON Schema before deployment to catch errors early. 4 releases · 2 other sources · first seen May 2026

release

  • Enforces shared JSON Schema validation for honeypot configurations via the spec layer v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds shared JSON Schema validation for honeypot service configurations, enabling beelzebub validate to enforce a common schema across all service definition files. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds shared JSON Schema validation for honeypot configurations, catching config errors before deployment. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds validate flag to statically check configuration files without starting the honeypot service. v3.7.3 · May 2026 · source · release history

example

  • Catch misconfigured honeypot service definitions in CI before deploying to production. beelzebub --validate v3.7.3 · May 2026 · source
  • Validate config files without starting services beelzebub validate --conf-core ./configurations/beelzebub.yaml --conf-services ./configurations/services/
SSH session state preservation shipped Maintains honeypot session context across attacker logout and reconnection events for continuous observation. 4 releases · 2 other sources · first seen Mar 2025

release

  • Adds configurations/plugins.yaml as the canonical home for plugin declarations, replacing programmatic registration; plugins listed under the plugins: key are installed and compiled in at build time via make start or make docker. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Improves the ./install.sh installer with new flags --local, --docker, and --no-run for non-interactive and headless deployment workflows. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Preserves SSH LLM honeypot session state after an attacker logs out, enabling continuous observation across reconnections. v3.3.9 · Mar 2025 · source · release history
  • Improves SSH LLM honeypot to preserve session state after an attacker logs out v3.3.9 · Mar 2025 · source · release history

example

  • Run a non-interactive local install and build without starting the runtime, then validate all configs before launching — useful in CI. ./install.sh --local --no-run && beelzebub validate --conf-core ./configurations/beelzebub.yaml --conf-services ./configurations/services/ v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source
  • Declare plugins in the new YAML config so make start automatically installs, wires, and compiles them into the binary. plugins: - source: github.com/your-org/beelzebub-myplugin - source: github.com/your-org/private-plugin@v1.2.0 v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source
LLM backend flexibility shipped Supports configuring LLM backends such as OpenAI or Ollama to enable diverse AI-powered deception strategies. 6 releases · first seen Apr 2024

Also counts toward: Air-gapped deployment, Self-hosted deployment

release

  • Integrates LLM backend into TCP strategy, allowing AI-generated responses to attacker commands on TCP honeypots. v3.6.10 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
  • Enables LLM prompt support for TELNET honeypot sessions, allowing AI-generated interactive responses to attackers connecting via Telnet. v3.6.4 · Feb 2026 · source · release history
  • Supports Ollama as an LLM backend alongside OpenAI, enabling self-hosted, air-gapped LLM-powered honeypots. v3.3.5 · Feb 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds new LLM Plugin API accessible via the plugin.llmProvider, plugin.llmModel, and plugin.openAISecretKey configuration fields v3.3.5 · Feb 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds support for Llama3 and Ollama models v3.2.2 · Jul 2024 · source · release history
  • Feats: Improve OpenAI plugin: model and prompt v3.1.11 · Apr 2024 · source · release history
Background service plugins shipped Supports a ServicePlugin type for plugins that start automatically at boot time and run in the background. 5 releases · first seen Oct 2023

Also counts toward: Kubernetes-native deployment, Plugin system

release

  • Adds the ServicePlugin interface for background plugins that start at boot v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds ServicePlugin support for background plugins that start automatically at boot time. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds the ServicePlugin plugin type which are started automatically at boot v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Introduces the ServicePlugin interface in pkg/plugin for background plugins that start automatically at runtime boot, alongside the existing CommandPlugin and HTTPPlugin interfaces. v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds helm chart configurations to deploy beelzebub on kubernetes v3.1.0 · Oct 2023 · source · release history
Plugin system implementation shipped Introduces a new plugin architecture allowing extensible honeypot behavior through third-party or custom plugins, replacing previous configuration methods. 5 releases · first seen Apr 2026

Also counts toward: Plugin API support, Plugin system

release

  • Plugin declarations are no longer supported in their previous format; use the new plugins key in YAML config instead v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Migrates plugin declarations from code or other formats to YAML configuration files v3.9.0 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds a brand-new plugin system enabling extensible honeypot behavior through third-party or custom plugins. v3.7.0 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
  • Enhances the maze plugin with unspecified capability improvements. v3.6.9 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds beta maze plugin to create deceptive, labyrinthine environments that trap and slow down attackers exploring the honeypot. v3.6.8 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
Service lures shipped Deploys emulated third-party service endpoints — such as WordPress and Ollama — to attract and capture attackers probing for specific exposed software. 4 releases · first seen Oct 2026

release

  • Adds a WordPress 6.9.4 service lure to the decoy library, enabling realistic WordPress honeypot interactions.⁠︀︄︇︀︅︉︀︅︀︀︃︀︀︅︅︀︅︊︀︄︆︀︃︄⁠ v3.10.0 · Oct 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds an Ollama service lure, allowing teams to deploy a convincing AI inference endpoint as a decoy. v3.10.0 · Oct 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds a WordPress 6.9.4 service lure to emulate a WordPress endpoint and attract attackers targeting the CMS.⁠︀︄︇︀︅︉︀︅︀︀︃︀︀︅︅︀︅︊︀︄︆︀︃︄⁠ v3.10.0 · Oct 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds an Ollama service lure to emulate a locally-hosted LLM API and capture probes targeting exposed Ollama instances. v3.10.0 · Oct 2026 · source · release history
Cloud plugin improvements shipped Enhances the cloud plugin to support improved honeypot deployment workflows. 4 releases · first seen Nov 2025

release

  • Adds method-aware routing to the HTTP deception service, allowing the honeypot to respond differently based on HTTP method and reducing its fingerprinting surface against scanners. v3.9.1 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Add method-aware routing to HTTP handlers to obscure the honeypot's internal routing logic and reduce fingerprinting v3.9.1 · Aug 2026 · source · release history
  • Enhances cloud plugin capabilities for expanded honeypot deployment options. v3.7.2 · May 2026 · source · release history
  • Improves the cloud plugin for enhanced honeypot deployment. v3.6.0 · Nov 2025 · source · release history
Logging configuration verified Allows the log verbosity level to be set at runtime via a CLI flag, supporting levels from debug through panic. 3 releases · 1 other source · first seen Apr 2023

Also counts toward: Command-line interface

release

  • Adds realClientAddr field to capture the true client IP address of honeypot connections. v3.7.1 · Apr 2026 · source · release history
  • Supports environment variables for overriding configuration values, enabling container-friendly and secrets-safe deployments. v3.6.6 · Mar 2026 · source · release history
  • Supports Prometheus metrics via a new configuration option. v2.1.0 · Apr 2023 · source · release history

command line

  • --log-level — Set log level (debug, info, warn, error, fatal, panic) v3.7.1 · Apr 2026
MCP honeypot service shipped Deploys decoy Model Context Protocol tools to capture prompt injection attempts targeting LLM agents. 3 releases · first seen Jul 2025

release

  • feat: Add MCP tool annotations support for improved LLM understanding v3.6.2 · Dec 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds MCP honeypot support for detecting prompt injection attacks v3.4.0 · Jul 2025 · source · release history
  • New MCP honeypot service: deploy decoy Model Context Protocol tools to lure and capture prompt injection attempts targeting LLM agents. v3.4.0 · Jul 2025 · source · release history
Multi-platform Docker support shipped Publishes container images for non-amd64 architectures to enable deployment on diverse hardware environments. 2 releases · 1 other source · first seen Oct 2023

Also counts toward: Kubernetes-native deployment

release

  • Adds multi-platform Docker image support, enabling deployment on non-amd64 architectures. v3.3.7 · Mar 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds helm chart configurations to deploy beelzebub on Kubernetes v3.1.0 · Oct 2023 · source · release history

example

  • Deploy beelzebub to a k8s cluster using the new helm chart. helm install beelzebub <chart-path> v3.1.0 · Oct 2023 · source
IP-based LLM rate limiting shipped Enables operator-controlled limits on the number of AI-generated interactions a single source IP can trigger to prevent resource exhaustion. 2 releases · first seen Feb 2026

release

  • Implements IP-based rate limiting for the LLM plugin to control request frequency. v3.6.5 · Feb 2026 · source · release history
  • Adds IP-based rate limiting for the LLM plugin, capping how many AI-powered interactions any single source IP can trigger. v3.6.5 · Feb 2026 · source · release history
Input and output guardrails shipped Allows operators to define constraints on what the LLM honeypot accepts from attackers and what it emits in response. 2 releases · first seen Oct 2025

release

  • Enhances the HTTP LLM honeypot functionality v3.6.0 · Nov 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds input/output guardrails for the LLM integration, enabling operators to constrain what the honeypot AI accepts and emits. v3.5.0 · Oct 2025 · source · release history
Memory management shipped Provides controls to limit memory usage, including a configurable cap and automatic cleanup of stale session history. 1 release · 1 other source · first seen Mar 2025

Shared capability: Log retention management

release

  • Adds an automatic cleanup routine for HistoryStore with a default 1-hour TTL since last interaction, bounding memory growth from long-running honeypot sessions. v3.3.11 · Mar 2025 · source · release history

example

  • Cap honeypot memory usage in a resource-constrained environment such as a small VPS or container. beelzebub --memLimitMiB 256 v3.3.11 · Mar 2025 · source
Structured HTTP logging shipped Serializes HTTP request headers as structured JSON in log output to improve parsing and SIEM ingestion. 2 releases · first seen Feb 2025

Shared capability: Log parsing and normalization

release

  • HTTP request headers are now serialized as structured JSON in log output, improving log parsing and SIEM ingestion. v3.3.7 · Mar 2025 · source · release history
  • Adds support for TLS based HTTP connections v3.3.3 · Feb 2025 · source · release history
HTTP honeypot fallback execution shipped Allows the HTTP honeypot to execute a secondary command if the primary interaction fails or is not triggered. 1 release · first seen Mar 2025

release

  • Adds FallbackCommand configuration option to the HTTP honeypot strategy, allowing a secondary command to run if the primary action fails or is not triggered. v3.3.10 · Mar 2025 · source · release history
Version and build information shipped Prints the current version and build details of the tool via a CLI command. 1 other source

Also counts toward: Command-line interface

example

  • Print version and build information beelzebub version

Lines in monospace are the tool's own words: help text parsed from its source, or an endpoint from its API document. Under release, a line is our summary of a dated release. Under docs, it is quoted from the tool's own documentation or website. Each links back to the source it came from.

Command line

3 commands for Beelzebub, each with where it came from. This tool has no source analysis yet, so there is no option reference and no captured run beside them.

Source

Score card

  1. Shipping velocity releases a month, last 12 months
  2. Documentation quality release-notes rubric, 0–100
  3. Breaking-change discipline how rarely a release breaks users, and notice given
  4. Maintenance risk quiet time against its own cadence, maintainers
  5. Innovation & surface new capabilities, API and MCP surface
  6. Community health
  7. Contributor trend distinct committers, this year against last
  8. Maintainer concentration bus factor now against a year ago
  9. Issue backlog trend issues closed per issue opened, 12 months
  10. Responsiveness median time to a maintainer’s first reply

Nine scores for Beelzebub, each built from the releases, notes and API history this site tracks — and, on Researcher and Business, where it stands among every measured tool in its category and how that has moved.

Score cards are part of every paid plan.

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Each score is 0–100 on a published rubric, derived from data this site already shows. A dimension we cannot measure says so — it is never scored 0 and never enters a rank.

How this is scored
  • Shipping velocity — releases a month over the last 12 months, on a log scale where 16 a month scores 100. Needs 3 releases in the window.
  • Documentation quality — the release-notes rubric published on the analytics page, unchanged.
  • Breaking-change discipline — the share of releases carrying a breaking change (none scores 100, half or more scores 0). Only projects that label breaking changes are measured: a clean record cannot be told from an unlabelled one.
  • Maintenance risk — quiet time measured against the tool's own release cadence (quiet longer than 90 days and three typical gaps scores 0), plus the number of active maintainers and whether contributors are growing, where known. Higher is lower risk.
  • Innovation & surface — new capabilities in the feature ledger this year, API and MCP operations added, and the share of commits that are features: the mean of whichever we hold.
  • Community health (open-source tools only) — each is a direction, not a size: contributors this year against last, the bus factor now against a year ago, and issues closed per issue opened, where steady scores 50, doubled 100 and halved 0; plus the median time to a maintainer's first reply (an hour scores about 100, a month or more 0). A commercial card has no repository and carries none of the four.
  • Documented delivery (commercial tools) — when a vendor's documented new capabilities have slowed against its own baseline, that counts against the overall standing as heavily as two low dimensions. Steady delivery, or too little history to judge, leaves the standing alone; it is never a sixth score.
  • Open-source tools are scored on repository signals; commercial tools on their published changelog. Ranks compare tools within one category and one profile and need at least five measured peers; the overall standing needs three ranked dimensions. Best-in-breed or consolidator is a shape, not a quality, and is never scored.

Release-note detail over time

See how much detail Beelzebub puts in its release notes, quarter by quarter, and compare it with tracked tools in the same category. This history uses up to ten retained, reviewed notes per tool; sparse or blank older quarters may reflect that limit.

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Coverage

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What Beelzebub connects to, runs on and detects, read from its release notes and docs. So far: 2 new detections.

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2 changes, tracked since Oct 27, 2026.

  • Oct 272026

    new WordPress 6.9.4 service lure

    feat: add WordPress 6.9.4 service lure by @zgsec in https://github.com/beelzebub-labs/beelzebub/pull/375

    v3.10.0 Source ↗

  • Oct 272026

    new Ollama service lure

    feat: add Ollama service lure by @zgsec in https://github.com/beelzebub-labs/beelzebub/pull/374

    v3.10.0 Source ↗

How we count

Read from 1 of 42 release notes and docs updates we hold for Beelzebub. "First seen" is the earliest note that names something; "last" is the latest. Our history may start partway through Beelzebub's life, so an old integration can show a recent first-seen date.

Each change counts once: "added 40 checks" is one line, so the numbers measure how often coverage moves, not how big the catalogue is or how well it detects.

Releases

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Coverage in all entries

42 entries

  1. October 20261
  2. August 20262
  3. June 20261
  4. May 20262
  5. April 20265
  6. March 20261
  7. February 20262
  8. January 20261
  9. December 20251
  10. November 20251
  11. October 20251
  12. September 20251
  13. July 20251
  14. March 20255
  15. February 20252
  16. January 20252
  17. September 20241
  18. August 20242
  19. July 20241
  20. June 20242
  21. April 20241
  22. March 20241
  23. October 20231
  24. August 20231
  25. May 20231
  26. April 20231
  27. December 20221
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    Coverage in all entries

    42 entries

    Project health

    Issue, contributor and maintainer activity in mariocandela/beelzebub, 2023-10 – 2026-09, as of 2026-09-25. Twelve-month figures first; the trend lines run the whole window.

    1. Contributors 16 +10 vs prior 12 months
    2. Maintainers 3 +2 joined · −1 left, last 12 months
    3. Bus factor 1 committers behind half the commits
    4. Community-filed not measured of issues opened, last 12 months
    5. Median time to close not measured issues closed, last 12 months
    6. Open backlog not measured open issues today
    1. Issues opened / month not measured
    2. Open backlog not measured
    3. Contributors / month 4
    4. Commits / month 6
    5. Stars 2,174
    Issue themes, last 12 months not measured

    Counts from the project's public repository and git history; no individuals are identified. Maintainers are the committers covering 80% of the last year's commits. how we measure this

    Libraries its release ships

    What its latest release locks, checked against known advisories.

    None of its release's images build from a lockfile we can read.

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